I first visited Prague as a teenager while interrailing around Europe, travelling on a budget of £5 a day during the summer break from university. Twenty-nine years later, I returned to attend the 10th World Congress on ADHD!
Although I work in a neurodiversity consultancy, I wasn’t accustomed to being in a research environment. However, I was excited about the opportunity to absorb the latest research findings and perspectives on ADHD.
So, what did I learn?
- 36,000 years ago, there was more incidence of ADHD. The genome has adapted so that ADHD prevalence is less common now. Traits that may have been advantageous from an evolutionary perspective are less so now.[1]
- Research shows that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for children and both CBT and ADHD Coaching for adults are the most effective support strategies when combined with medication for ADHD. [2]
- The wealth of global knowledge shared at the conference underscores the significant focus on ADHD. I found it interesting to explore the various ways different countries provide practical support in the workplace. For example, Australia offers funding programs specifically designed to assist individuals with ADHD in managing their health and work responsibilities. In the United Kingdom, the Access to Work scheme is in place, providing tailored support for neurodivergent employees, and many employers are increasingly implementing initiatives to accommodate and support their neurodivergent staff. I am keen to find out more about which other countries offer similar government or corporate support systems for employees with ADHD. Understanding these initiatives could help foster a more inclusive work environment globally.
- Research into the intersectionality of female hormone health and ADHD is limited but has been steadily increasing each year. While there has been some progress in understanding how hormonal fluctuations may impact ADHD symptoms, there are still significant gaps in understanding. Factors such as the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause could play crucial roles in the expression and management of ADHD in women. Furthermore, the relationship between hormonal changes and cognitive function is underexplored, highlighting the need for more comprehensive studies in this critical area of mental health.
- Finally, when managing ADHD, therapy provides a supportive environment to explore emotions, understand challenges, and develop coping strategies. In contrast, coaching is action-oriented, focusing on setting specific goals and implementing practical strategies to support productivity and functioning. Therapy looks at the past whereas it has proven positive outcomes for people in the workplace for those who either have a diagnosis of ADHD or are displaying traits of ADHD.[3]
ADHD Coaching
- Clients are engaged and receptive to change
- Based on thought-provoking questions, active listening, and constructive dialogue focused on the present and future
- Focuses on executive functioning and emotional regulation
- Helps clients set goals and action
Compared to
Therapy
- Clients may need stabilisation or intensive emotional support
- Uses clinical models (EMDR, I-CBT, ACT etc)
- May focus on the past and root causes
- Focuses on mental health: trauma, anxiety, depression
- Helps clients understand and heal emotional wounds
While therapy addresses emotional aspects, coaching empowers individuals to take proactive steps toward their aspirations. Together, these approaches create a comprehensive support system for those with ADHD, fostering both healing and growth.
Conclusions:
I now have a global perspective and can see the significant progress being made in ADHD research.
My top take-aways are:
- ADHD Coaching or CBT are the most effective support strategies for ADHD when used in conjunction with medication.
- If you work in the UK neurodiversity space, read around the subject and investigate current research findings; the field of neurodiversity research is always changing, making it essential to stay informed. Understanding diversity of thought can help us create more inclusive practices and support systems.
- Prague is still a great city to visit! There are many tranquil spots where even the most overstimulated neurodivergent brain can find calm and time for reflection.
[1] Esteller-Cucala et al., Scientific Reports, 2020
[2] Sibley, M, USA, ‘Non-pharmacological treatment for ADHD: What is almost there?
[3] Tamara Rosier, Ph.D.
